Unhealthy dog nails: what to look for and how to keep them in check

Learn how to spot problems early and keep your dog's nails healthy, short, and pain-free.

Photo of a dog with paws outstretched, clearly showing how she doesn't have unhealthy dog nails

Overview

Your dog's nails might not be top of mind when thinking about their health, but they should be. If left unchecked, unhealthy dog nails can lead to pain, infections, and mobility issues. Signs include long, curling claws, cracks, rough edges, discolouration, and swelling at the nail base.

Broken nails in dogs may bleed, cause limping, or lead to licking and discomfort. Knowing the difference between healthy vs unhealthy dog nails helps you spot problems early and care for them safely at home. Regular trims, checks, and vet support can all play a part in keeping your dog comfortable and pain-free.

Healthy vs unhealthy dog nails — what's the difference?

What causes nail problems in dogs?

How do you care for your dog’s nails?

My dog has unhealthy nails — when should I call my vet?

Can I treat unhealthy dog nails at home?

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American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA), 2020. AAHA Canine Life Stage Guidelines. [online] Available at: https://www.aaha.org [Accessed 14 June 2025].

American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), 2022. Basic Preventive Care for Dogs. [online] Available at: https://www.avma.org [Accessed 14 June 2025].

Cote, E., 2019. Clinical Veterinary Advisor: Dogs and Cats. 4th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier.

Hall, J.A., 2021. The Merck Veterinary Manual. 11th ed. Merck & Co., Inc. [online] Available at: https://www.merckvetmanual.com [Accessed 14 June 2025].

Rees, C.A., Shofer, F.S., and Rees, L., 2002. Onychodystrophy in dogs: 29 cases (1988–1998). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 220(3), pp.357–361.

Scott, D.W., Miller, W.H. and Griffin, C.E., 2001. Muller and Kirk’s Small Animal Dermatology. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders.

White, S.D. and Bourdeau, P., 2003. Symmetrical lupoid onychodystrophy in dogs. Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian, 25(6), pp.436–444.

Medically reviewed by Lizzie Youens, BSc(Hons) BVSc MRCVS

Published on 22/07/2025 • Reviewed on 22/07/2025